Journal: Toxicology Research

Article Title: In vitro investigation of the toxicological mechanisms of Fingolimod (S)-phosphate in HEPG2 cells

doi: 10.1093/toxres/tfaf064

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of cytotoxicity observed with FTY720 (S)-P exposure on HepG2 cells after 24–48 and 72 h treatment. The cells were treated with 0.3125–10 μM concentrations.

Article Snippet: FTY720 (S)-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical Company (USA) and dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).

Techniques:

Journal: Toxicology Research

Article Title: In vitro investigation of the toxicological mechanisms of Fingolimod (S)-phosphate in HEPG2 cells

doi: 10.1093/toxres/tfaf064

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of FTY720-S(P) (0.3125–10 μM) on cell viability by A) MTT, B) LDH and C) NRU assays in HepG2 cells after 72 h treatments. The cells were treated with 0.3125–10 μM concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, * P < 0.05 and * * P < 0.01 versus the control group.

Article Snippet: FTY720 (S)-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical Company (USA) and dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).

Techniques: Control

Journal: Toxicology Research

Article Title: In vitro investigation of the toxicological mechanisms of Fingolimod (S)-phosphate in HEPG2 cells

doi: 10.1093/toxres/tfaf064

Figure Lengend Snippet: Changes in the ATP content observed with FTY720 (S)-P exposure on HepG2 cells after 72 h treatment. The cells were treated with 0.625–10 μM concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, * P < 0.05 versus the control group.

Article Snippet: FTY720 (S)-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical Company (USA) and dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).

Techniques: Control

Journal: Toxicology Research

Article Title: In vitro investigation of the toxicological mechanisms of Fingolimod (S)-phosphate in HEPG2 cells

doi: 10.1093/toxres/tfaf064

Figure Lengend Snippet: Changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) observed with FTY720 (S)-P exposure on HepG2 cells after 72 h treatment. A) Quadrants of JC-1 aggregates (PE channel) and monomers (FITC channel), B) MMP levels. The cells were treated with 0.625–10 μM concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, * P < 0.05 and * * P < 0.01 versus the control group.

Article Snippet: FTY720 (S)-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical Company (USA) and dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).

Techniques: Membrane, Control

Journal: Toxicology Research

Article Title: In vitro investigation of the toxicological mechanisms of Fingolimod (S)-phosphate in HEPG2 cells

doi: 10.1093/toxres/tfaf064

Figure Lengend Snippet: Oxidative stress production observed with FTY720 (S)-P exposure on HepG2 cells after 72 h treatment. A) Cellular ROS production, B) mitochondrial ROS production. The cells were treated with 0,625–10 μM concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, * P < 0.05, * * P < 0.01 versus the control group.

Article Snippet: FTY720 (S)-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical Company (USA) and dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).

Techniques: Control

Journal: Toxicology Research

Article Title: In vitro investigation of the toxicological mechanisms of Fingolimod (S)-phosphate in HEPG2 cells

doi: 10.1093/toxres/tfaf064

Figure Lengend Snippet: Changes in antioxidant enzyme levels observed with FTY720 (S)-P exposure on HepG2 cells after 72 h treatment. A) Total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), B) glutathione (GSH), (C) catalase (CAT). The cells were treated with 0.625–10 μM concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, * P < 0.05, * * P < 0.01 versus the control group.

Article Snippet: FTY720 (S)-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical Company (USA) and dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).

Techniques: Control

Journal: Toxicology Research

Article Title: In vitro investigation of the toxicological mechanisms of Fingolimod (S)-phosphate in HEPG2 cells

doi: 10.1093/toxres/tfaf064

Figure Lengend Snippet: Molecular docking of FTY720 (S)-P depicted as 2D and 3D simulations within the binding sites of human SIRT3 (A) and SIRT5 (B), utilizing the X-ray crystallographic structures with PDB codes 4JSR and 5XHS, respectively.

Article Snippet: FTY720 (S)-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical Company (USA) and dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).

Techniques: Binding Assay

Journal: Toxicology Research

Article Title: In vitro investigation of the toxicological mechanisms of Fingolimod (S)-phosphate in HEPG2 cells

doi: 10.1093/toxres/tfaf064

Figure Lengend Snippet: The Interaction profiles and docking scores of FTY720 (S)-P within the binding pocket of the SIRT3 (PDB ID: 4JSR) and SIRT5 (PDB ID: 5XHS) proteins.

Article Snippet: FTY720 (S)-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical Company (USA) and dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).

Techniques: Binding Assay

Journal: Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

Article Title: Enhanced selective capture of phosphomonoester lipids enabling highly sensitive detection of sphingosine 1-phosphate

doi: 10.1007/s00216-023-04937-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: Chemical structures of a sphingosine 1-phosphate, b fingolimod, c fingolimod phosphate, d bis-imidazolium functional monomer, and e divinylbenzene cross-linker

Article Snippet: Fingolimod (FTY720) and fingolimod phosphate (FTY720-P, FP) were purchased from Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (Basel, Switzerland).

Techniques: Functional Assay